Indlela yokunquma ngokushesha ukuthi injini ye-servo manipulator yonakele

Indlela yokunquma ngokushesha ukuthi injini ye I-Servo Manipulator yonakele

Enkambisweni yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela kwezimboni, i-servo manipulator idlala indima ebalulekile njengedivayisi ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nokunemba. I-servo motor ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko ze-servo manipulator, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuhlobene ngqo nesimo sokusebenza kwemishini yonke. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe kanye nabasebenzi bokulungisa abahlobene bakwazi ukunquma ngokushesha nangokunembile ukuthi injini ye isilawuli se-servo yonakele. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula ngokuningiliziwe izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwahlulela eziwusizo ukukusiza ukuthola izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenjini ngesikhathi esifanele, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi, nokunciphisa ukulahleka kokukhiqiza.

1. Bheka ukubukeka
Hlola ubuso bemoto: Okokuqala, hlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe kunezimpawu ezisobala zomonakalo ongokwenyama njengokuqhekeka, ukuguquka, kanye nokusha egobolondweni langaphandle lemoto. Uma lezi zimo zitholakala, kungenzeka ukuthi ingaphakathi lemoto nalo lonakele futhi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okujulile okwengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hlola ukuthi izikulufo zokufaka zemoto zikhululekile yini. Uma zikhululekile, imoto ingadlidliza ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okuzolimaza izingxenye zemoto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Hlola ama-terminal ezintambo kanye nezintambo: Hlola ukuthi ama-terminal ezintambo zemoto ashisiwe, ashisiwe, noma akhululekile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izintambo zonakele, zigugile, noma ziphukile. Ukuxhumana okubi noma umonakalo wekhebula kungathinta ukunikezwa kwamandla okuvamile kanye nokudluliswa kwesignali kwemoto, futhi kubangele ngisho nokungasebenzi kahle kwemoto.

2. Ukwahlulela kokuzwa nokuthinta
Lalela umsindo wenjini: Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, injini evamile ye-servo ivame ukukhipha umsindo oqinile nonesigqi. Uma uzwa umsindo wokungqubuzana obukhali, kungase kube ngenxa yokuguga kwama-bearing noma ukungqubuzana phakathi kwe-rotor ne-stator; imisindo engavamile eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile ivame ukukhombisa izinkinga ngezingxenye zokudlulisa igiya; imisindo yokungqongqoza engajwayelekile ingabangelwa izakhiwo zemishini ezikhululekile noma ezingalingani; futhi imisindo yokubhonga ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nensimu ye-electromagnetic noma uhlelo lokulawula lwenjini, okungase kubangelwe izilungiselelo zepharamitha yomshayeli ezingafanele noma ama-short circuits angaphakathi enjinini.
Thinta indlu yemoto: Ngemva kokuba imoto isisebenze isikhathi esithile, thinta kancane indlu yemoto ngemuva kwesandla sakho ukuze uzwe ukuthi izinga lokushisa layo likhuphuka ngendlela engavamile. Izinga lokushisa elidlulele lingabangelwa ukushaqeka kokushisa okubi, ukugcwala ngokweqile, noma i-short circuit ekujikeni kwangaphakathi kwemoto. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, izinga lokushisa lendlu yemoto kufanele ligcinwe ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele, ngokuvamile lingadluli ku-80°C. Izinga lokushisa elithile kufanele linqunywe ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana namandla, imodeli, kanye nendawo yokusebenza yemoto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, naka ukuthi indawo yemoto iyadlidliza yini. Uma ukudlidliza kukhulu kakhulu, kungabonisa ukuthi i-bearing yemoto igugile, i-rotor ayilingani, noma ukufakwa kwemishini akulungile.

3. Sebenzisa amathuluzi ukuthola
Ukutholwa kwe-multimeter
Kala ukumelana kokugoqa: Cima amandla emoto bese uhlukanisa izingxenye ezifanele ukuze uveze ama-terminal okugoqa emoto. Sebenzisa ububanzi bokumelana be-multimeter ukukala amanani okumelana phakathi kwama-winding ezigaba ezintathu ngokulandelana. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, amanani okumelana kwama-winding ezigaba ezintathu kufanele alingane noma asondele. Uma inani lokumelana lesigaba esisodwa noma ezimbili ngokusobala likhulu noma lincane, noma lingenamkhawulo (isifunda esivulekile) noma u-zero (isifunda esifushane), kusho ukuthi ukugoqa kwemoto kunephutha. Isibonelo, uma inani lokumelana lokugoqa kwesigaba esisodwa likhulu kakhulu kunelezinye izigaba ezimbili, kungabonisa ukuthi ukugoqa kwesigaba kunenkinga yesifunda esivulekile noma ukuxhumana okubi; uma inani lokumelana lingu-zero, kubonisa ukuthi ukugoqa kugoqa.
Hlola ukumelana nokushisa: Sebenzisa imitha yokumelana nokushisa (i-megohmmeter) ukukala ukumelana nokushisa phakathi kokugoqa kwenjini kanye ne-casing. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, inani lokumelana nokushisa kufanele libe ngaphezu kwama-megohms amaningana. Uma inani lokumelana nokushisa liphansi kakhulu, kusho ukuthi ukusebenza kokushisa kwenjini kuye kwehla, futhi kungase kube nengozi yokuvuza, okungase kubangele ukuthi ukugoqa kwenjini kuphuke kalula futhi kulimaze, noma kubangele ngisho nengozi yokuphepha.
Ukutholwa kwe-Oscilloscope: I-waveform yesignali kagesi yemoto ingabonakala kalula nge-oscilloscope. Xhuma i-probe ye-oscilloscope ekugcineni kokuphuma kwemoto noma emgqeni wesignali yokulawula efanele ukuze ubone ukuthi ama-waveform esignali afana ne-voltage kanye ne-current ajwayelekile yini. Isibonelo, isignali evamile yokushayela imoto kufanele ibe yi-wave yesikwele evamile noma i-sine wave. Uma i-waveform iphambukile, ijikijele, iqhekekile noma inobukhulu obungavamile, kungasho ukuthi imoto noma umshayeli unephutha. Ukutholwa kwe-Oscilloscope kungasiza ochwepheshe ukuthola ngokushesha indawo yephutha, njengokwahlulela ukuthi isignali ye-encoder ijwayelekile nokuthi umkhiqizo womshayeli uzinzile yini.

4. Ulwazi lwe-alamu yokubhekisela kanye namakhodi ephutha
Hlola isibonakaliso se-alamu yomshayeli: Abashayeli abaningi be-servo motor bahlonyiswe ngezinkomba ze-alamu, futhi imibala namaphethini akhanyayo alezi zinkomba ngokuvamile aphethe ulwazi oluthile lwephutha. Isibonelo, isibani sesibonakaliso esibomvu esihlala sivuliwe singabonisa ukwehluleka kwehadiwe, njengokugcwala kwenjini ngokweqile, i-short circuit noma ukwehluleka komshayeli; isibani sesibonakaliso esiphuzi esikhanyayo singabonisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesignali, ukushisa ngokweqile noma ukungavamile kwesignali ye-encoder. Incazelo ethile idinga ukuhunyushwa ngokwencwadi yemiyalelo yomshayeli.
Funda ikhodi yephutha: Uma i-servo manipulator yehluleka, uhlelo lokulawula luvame ukuqopha ikhodi yephutha ehambisanayo. Lawa makhodi ephutha ayisisekelo esibalulekile sokuxilongwa kwephutha okusheshayo. Abathengi noma abasebenzi bokulungisa bangathola izincazelo eziningiliziwe zamakhodi ephutha ngokubheka incwadi yomsebenzisi ye-servo manipulator noma ukuxhumana nomhlinzeki wemishini. Isibonelo, ikhodi yephutha "20504" yohlobo oluthile lwe-servo manipulator ikhombisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lemoto liphezulu kakhulu, okungase kubangelwe izinkinga zokushabalalisa ukushisa noma ukulayisha ngokweqile; ikhodi yephutha "10023" ingabonisa ukwehluleka kwe-encoder, futhi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kokuxhumeka kwe-encoder, ukulinganiswa noma umonakalo.

5. Yenza izivivinyo zokusebenza
Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza okungenamthwalo: Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha, qala wenze ukuhlolwa kokusebenza okungenamthwalo ku-servo manipulator. Bheka ukuthi imisebenzi yokuqalisa, yokuma, yokujikeleza phambili neyokubuyela emuva kwemoto ijwayelekile yini ngaphansi kwezimo zokungalayishi. Uma imoto inezinkinga ezifana nobunzima bokuqala, ukusebenza okungazinzile, ukuphambuka kwejubane ngokweqile, noma umsindo ongajwayelekile uma ingenamthwalo, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona iphutha kumoto ngokwayo noma ohlelweni lokulawula idrayivu. Isibonelo, ukuguguleka kwebheyina yemoto kungabangela ukwanda kokudlidliza nomsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza okungenamthwalo; izilungiselelo ezingalungile zepharamitha yomshayeli zingabangela isivinini semoto esingazinzile, njll.
Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza komthwalo: Ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni okuvamile kokungalayishi, khulisa umthwalo kancane kancane ukuze wenze i-servo manipulator ilingise isimo sangempela sokusebenza. Bheka ukusebenza kwemoto ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo bese uhlola ukuthi ngabe kunezinkinga ezifana nokushisa ngokweqile, isenzo sokuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile, ukwehla kwesivinini ngokweqile, indawo engafanele, njll. Uma imoto ingakwazi ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile ngaphansi komthwalo olinganiselwe, njenge-alamu yokulayisha ngokweqile, isivinini siphansi kakhulu kunenani elibekiwe, noma umphumela we-torque olindelekile awukwazi ukufinyelelwa, kungenzeka ukuthi ukusebenza kwemoto kuyehla noma konakele. Isibonelo, i-short circuit yendawo ekugoqeni kwemoto izonciphisa amandla ayo okukhipha futhi ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo lapho umthwalo ukhuphuka; ukwehluleka kwengxenye yokudlulisela imishini kungabangela umthwalo wemoto ube mkhulu kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza okuvamile kwemoto.

6. Hlola izingxenye ezihlobene
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Encoder: I-encoder iyingxenye ebalulekile yemoto ye-servo futhi isetshenziselwa ukuthola indawo kanye nolwazi lwesivinini semoto. Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuthola i-encoder yobungcweti ukuthumela isignali yokuhlola futhi ubheke ukuthi idatha yempendulo ye-encoder inembile futhi izinzile. Uma idatha igxuma, ilahlekile, noma iphutha likhulu kakhulu, kungabonisa ukuthi i-encoder yonakele noma inokuxhumana okungekuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungahlola futhi ukubukeka kwe-encoder, umugqa wokuxhuma, nokuthi ukufakwa kukhululekile yini ukuze wenze isinqumo sokuqala sokuthi kuyinto evamile yini. Isibonelo, ukuthi idiski ye-encoder ye-grating ingcolile noma yonakele, nokuthi ikhebula lokuxhuma ligugile noma liphukile kuzothinta ukusebenza kwayo okuvamile.
Ukuhlolwa kwamabhereyi: Phendula umgodi wemoto ngesandla ukuze uzwe ukuthi kukhona ukuma, ukumelana okungavamile noma ukukhululeka. Uma ukujikeleza kungaguquguquki noma kunomsindo ongavamile, kungasho ukuthi ibhereyi igugile, ayinawo uwoyela noma yonakele. Kuma-motor afakwe ku-manipulator, ungahlulela ngokungaqondile isimo sebhereyi ngokubheka ukuthi i-manipulator ihamba ngokuguquguquka nangokushelela. Isibonelo, uma i-manipulator inyakaza, iqina noma ukunemba kokubekwa okuphindaphindiwe kwehla ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, kungabangelwa ukwehluleka kwebhereyi yemoto.
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yokupholisa: Hlola ukuthi ifeni yokupholisa yemoto isebenza kahle yini nokuthi isinki yokushisa ivalekile yini ngothuli. Uma ukushabalalisa kokushisa kukubi, izinga lokushisa lemoto lizokhuphuka, kusheshise ukuguga kwezinto zokuvikela ngaphakathi kwemoto, futhi kubangele ukwehluleka kwemoto. Uma kudingeka, umoya ocindezelwe ungasetshenziswa ukuhlanza uthuli esinki yokushisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiteshi sokushisa asithinteki. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukuthi imoto yefeni yokupholisa yonakele yini. Uma yonakele, kufanele ishintshwe ngesikhathi.

7. Qhathanisa amapharamitha avamile enjini
Qoqa ulwazi lwe-nameplate yemoto: Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuqhathanisa, hlola ngokucophelela amapharamitha ahlukahlukene ku-nameplate yemoto, okuhlanganisa imodeli yemoto, i-voltage elinganisiwe, i-current elinganisiwe, amandla alinganisiwe, isivinini esilinganisiwe, izinga lokufakwa kokushisa, izinga lokuvikela, njll. La mapharamitha ayizisekelo ezibalulekile zokwahlulela ukuthi imoto isebenza kahle yini.
Ukulinganisa kwangempela kanye nokuqhathanisa: Sebenzisa amathuluzi ahambisanayo, njenge-clamp ammeter ukukala ugesi wangempela osebenzayo wemoto, i-tachometer ukukala isivinini sangempela semoto, njll., bese uqhathanisa imiphumela yokulinganisa namapharamitha alinganiselwe ku-nameplate. Uma ugesi wangempela udlula kakhulu ugesi olinganiselwe, kungase kubonise ukuthi imoto igcwele ngokweqile noma kukhona i-short circuit. Uma isivinini sangempela sihluka kakhulu esivinini esilinganiselwe, kungaba ukwehluleka kohlelo lokulawula lwemoto noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwezingxenye zokudlulisa zemishini.

8. Ukulungiswa njalo nokuhlolwa kokuvimbela
Yakha uhlelo lokulungisa: Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi injini ye-servo manipulator ihlala isebenza kahle futhi inciphise amathuba okwehluleka, kufanele kwakhiwe uhlelo lokulungisa olufanele njalo. Ngokuya ngokuvama kokusetshenziswa kwemishini nendawo yokusebenza, ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuphelele kanye nokugcinwa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6. Okuqukethwe kokulungisa kuhlanganisa ukuhlanza uthuli kanye nemfucumfucu ebusweni nangaphakathi kwemoto, ukuhlola ukuthi izibambo zemoto zikhululekile yini, ukugcoba amabheringi, kanye nokuhlola ukuthi uhlelo lokupholisa lujwayelekile yini.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvimbela: Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokuvimbela kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale amaphutha angaba khona ngesikhathi esifanele. Isibonelo, bheka ukuthi kukhona yini izinguquko ezingavamile emsindweni osebenzayo, izinga lokushisa, ukudlidliza, njll. kwemoto; hlola ukuthi ama-terminals emoto nezintambo zinezimpawu zokushisa ngokweqile, ukushiswa kwegesi, ukuphuka, njll.; qaphela inkomba ye-alamu kanye nokuboniswa kwekhodi yephutha lomshayeli. Ngalezi zivivinyo ezilula zansuku zonke, izinkinga zingatholakala esigabeni sokuqala sephutha, ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanayo ukuze kugwenywe ukwanda okwengeziwe kwephutha.

9. Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela ezivamile zomonakalo wemoto
Ukusebenza kokulayisha ngokweqile: Ukusebenza kokulayisha ngokweqile isikhathi eside kungenye yezimbangela ezivamile zomonakalo we-servo motor. Uma umthwalo othwalwa yimoto udlula amandla ayo alinganiselwe, kuzokwenza ukuthi ugesi wemoto ube mkhulu kakhulu futhi ukugoba kushise kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kusheshise ukuguga kwezinto zokushisa, futhi ekugcineni kubangele ukugoba kube yi-short-circuit, i-open circuit noma iphutha lomhlabathi. Isibonelo, enkambisweni yokuphathwa komthwalo osindayo noma ukuqala nokuma njalo kwe-manipulator, uma imingcele yomthwalo noma amasu okulawula engabekwanga ngokufanele, kulula ukulayisha ngokweqile imoto.
Inkinga yokunikezwa kwamandla: Ukunikezwa kwamandla okungazinzile kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ku-servo motor. I-voltage eningi izokwenza ukuthi ukugoqa kwemoto kushise kakhulu futhi kuphuke ukufakelwa; i-voltage ephansi kakhulu ingabangela ubunzima ekuqaliseni imoto, ukwehluleka ukusebenza kahle, noma ngisho nokushisa imoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphazamiseka kwe-harmonic ekunikezweni kwamandla nakho kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nokudlidliza kwemoto, umsindo owandisiwe, kanye nokusebenza kahle okuncishisiwe. Isibonelo, ohlelweni lwamandla efektri, uma kukhona izinto ezifana nokuqala nokuma kwemishini emikhulu, ukwehluleka kwegridi yamandla noma ukuguga kwezintambo zamandla, ikhwalithi yokunikezwa kwamandla ingancishiswa, okuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwemoto.
Izici Zemvelo: Indawo yokusebenza enzima izosheshisa umonakalo wemoto. Isibonelo, endaweni enokushisa okuphezulu, umswakama ophezulu, uthuli oluphezulu, igesi ebolile, njll., ukusebenza kokushisa kwemoto kuzoncishiswa, izinto zokuvikela zizomanzi futhi ziguge kalula, futhi izingxenye zensimbi zizogqwala futhi zigqwale, ngaleyo ndlela zithinte ukusebenza nokuphila kwemoto. Uma izinga lokuvikela lemoto linganele, izinto zangaphandle ezifana nama-iron filings, amabala kawoyela, amanzi, njll. zizongena, okuzophinde kubangele izinkinga ezifana ne-internal short circuit, ukuxhumana okubi noma ukuminyana kwemoto ngomshini.
Ukwehluleka kwemishini: Ukwehluleka kwesakhiwo semishini nakho kuzobangela umonakalo enjinini. Isibonelo, ukuguguleka kwamabhereyi, ukulimala kwegiya, ukuguga kwebhande nokuxega kuzobangela ukuthi ukudlidliza kwenjini kuqine ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kwandise umthwalo, bese kubangela ukuthi imoto ishise kakhulu futhi ukugoba kube umonakalo wokukhathala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa okungafanele kwezingxenye zemishini, njengokuxhumanisa okungajwayelekile kanye nokugoba komgodi wokudlulisa, kuzophinde kubangele ukudlidliza okungajwayelekile nomsindo wemoto, okuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwemoto.

10. Isifinyezo
Ukunquma ngokushesha nangokunembile ukuthi injini i-servo manipulator uma yonakele, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izindlela nezindlela ezahlukahlukene ngokuhlanganiswa. Kusukela ekuhlolweni kokubukeka, ukwahlulela kokuzwa nokuthinta, kuya ekutholweni kwezinsimbi, ukuhlaziywa kolwazi lwe-alamu, kuya ekuhlolweni kwezingxenye ezihlobene nokuhlolwa kokusebenza, yonke isixhumanisi ibalulekile. Ngalezi zindlela, ungaqonda ngokugcwele isimo sokusebenza kwemoto futhi uthole izinkinga ezingaba khona zamaphutha ngesikhathi.
Kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe abathengisa ngobuningi, lapho ukhetha i-servo manipulator, kufanele unake ikhwalithi, ukusebenza kanye nensizakalo yangemva kokuthengisa yemishini. Nikeza kuqala imikhiqizo eyaziwayo kanye nabaphakeli abathembekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini ethengiwe inezinjini ezithembekile kanye nezinqubomgomo zewaranti eziphelele. Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa imishini, landela ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza, wenze ukulungiswa njalo, futhi unikeze ukuqeqeshwa kobungcweti kubasebenzi ukuze uthuthukise ikhono labo lokubona nokusingatha ukwehluleka kwemishini.
Uma uhlangabezana namaphutha ayinkimbinkimbi njengomonakalo wemoto, ungazilungisi ngokwakho. Kufanele uxhumane nenhlangano yokulungisa echwepheshile noma umhlinzeki wemishini ngesikhathi, futhi ube nochwepheshe abangochwepheshe abenza ukulungisa nokushintsha izingxenye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sungula ifayela lokwehluleka kwemishini ukuze lirekhode isikhathi, isenzakalo, imbangela kanye nezinyathelo zokulungisa zokwehluleka ngakunye. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuhlaziyeni imithetho yokwehluleka kwemishini, kwakhiwe uhlelo lokulungisa olungokwesayensi nolunengqondo, kuthuthukiswe ukuthembeka nokuphila kwenkonzo yemishini, futhi kuqinisekiswe inqubekela phambili ebushelelezi yokukhiqiza.